Insulin therapy is an important part of treatment for individuals with no or insufficient insulin production (e.g., diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes). There are several insulin analogs (e.g., insulin glargine) with a different molecular structure but similar properties to human insulin, with differences mainly in the onset, peak, and duration of action. Further important metabolic functions of insulin include the promotion of carbohydrate, amino acid, and fat storage in the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissues. By modulating glucose absorption from the blood, insulin lowers blood glucose levels. Insulin is an anabolic peptide hormone that is produced and secreted from β cells located in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas.
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